1600 Maps show a series of Islands

•    Because the river has so many similar turns, they simply count the number of island they encounter. Smith makes the engraving in 1624 of his 1606 memories to have the upper Pamunkey river filled with little islands.

•    Dutchman Joan Vinckeboons still includes Smith’s vision of the upper Pamunkey as being filled with little islands.

1624 John Smith

1639 Vinckeboons